Resolve Tomcat 9 Startup Issue

My Maven-managed Java 8/11 web app refuses to start in Tomcat 9. The code compiles cleanly, dependencies resolve, yet as soon as I hit catalina run the server aborts during start-up. I need a fresh pair of eyes to identify and fix whatever configuration detail is blocking the boot sequence.

What you’ll be diving into:
• Multi-module Maven project (Java 8 baseline, also builds under 11)
• Standard war packaging, no Spring Boot embedded server
• Tomcat 9 installed outside the project, launched via startup scripts on macOS and a staging Linux box

Scope of work
1. Analyse startup logs and pinpoint the failing component or mis-configured resource (context.xml, server.xml, web.xml, or Maven plugin settings).
2. Apply the fix or guide me to adjust the configuration so the application deploys and Tomcat reaches “Server startup in … ms”.
3. Document the changes clearly so I can replicate them on both environments.

Acceptance
The job is done once the war deploys automatically through mvn clean package and Tomcat starts without errors.

If you’ve wrestled with Tomcat 9 and Maven overlays before, this should be quick; I just need the blocker removed so development can continue.